Human Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12S-type (ALOX12/LOG12) ELISA kit

Catalyzes the regio and stereo-specific incorporation of molecular oxygen into free and esterified polyunsaturated fatty acids generating lipid hydroperoxides that can be further reduced to the corresponding hydroxy species. Mainly converts arachidonate ((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate) to the specific bioactive lipid (12S)-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoate/(12S)-HPETE. Through the production of bioactive lipids like (12S)-HPETE it regulates different biological processes including platelet activation. It can also catalyze the epoxidation of double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as (14S)-hydroperoxy-docosahexaenoate/(14S)-HPDHA resulting in the formation of (13S,14S)-epoxy-DHA. Furthermore, it may participate in the sequential oxidations of DHA ((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate) to generate specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) like resolvin D5 ((7S,17S)-diHPDHA) and (7S,14S)-diHPDHA, that actively downregulate the immune response and have anti-aggregation properties with platelets. An additional function involves a multistep process by which it transforms leukotriene A4/LTA4 into the bioactive lipids lipoxin A4/LXA4 and lipoxin B4/LXB4, both are vasoactive and LXA4 may regulate neutrophil function via occupancy of specific recognition sites. Can also peroxidize linoleate ((9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate) to (13S)-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoate/ (13S-HPODE). Due to its role in regulating both the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, an angiogenic factor involved in the survival and metastasis of solid tumors) and the expression of integrin beta-1 (known to affect tumor cell migration and proliferation), it can be regarded as protumorigenic. Important for cell survival, as it may play a role not only in proliferation but also in the prevention of apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells.

1. ALOX15 orthologs, commonly known as 12/15-lipoxygenases, were suggested to exhibit mainly arachidonic acid 12-lipoxygenating specificity in mammals ranked in evolution lower than gibbons and 15-lipoxygenating specificity in the higher ranking primates [Review]. PMID: 30237084
2. ALOX12 rs14309 GG genotype expression was found to be significantly associated with Cardiovascular events in patients with Diabetic Nephropathy. PMID: 29196930
3. Data suggest that ALOX12 is involved in oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver and other tissues leading to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. [REVIEW] PMID: 28886991
4. 12(S)-HETrE, a 12-lipoxygenase oxylipin of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, inhibits thrombosis via Galphas signaling in platelets. PMID: 27470510
5. Results identified a novel ALOX12 locus (indicated by two SNPs in perfect linkage disequilibrium: rs1042357 and rs10852889) that moderated the association between PTSD and reduced thickness of the right prefrontal cortex. PMID: 26372769
6. The regulation of important oxylipin metabolic genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells varied with the extent of change in arachidonic acid concentrations in the case of PTGS1 and ALOX12 regulation. PMID: 26672987
7. ITGB4 stimulation leads to recruitment of 12-LOX from the cytosol to the membrane. PMID: 26037302
8. In the highest tertile with ALOX12. PMID: 25339205
9. the amount of LPL expressed in muscle and heart governed both the binding of chylomicron particles and the assimilation of chylomicron lipids in the tissue. PMID: 25598081
10. Results suggest that Alox12 protein polymorphisms did not discriminate for psoriasis severity. PMID: 24975552
11. Results indicate that secreted phospholipase A2 IIA (sPLA2-IIA) as an enzyme working in concert with platelet microparticles (MPs) 12-lipoxygenase (12-LO) to promote internalization. PMID: 26106157
12. IGF-1 reduces lipid oxidation and foam cell formation via downregulation of 12/15-LOX to prevent atherosclerosis. PMID: 25549319
13. The 12/15-lipoxygenase as an emerging therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease PMID: 25708815
14. The costaining of pancreatic polypeptide and vimentin suggests that 12-LO participates in the process leading to beta-cell dedifferentiation in the islet. PMID: 25532042
15. The ALOX12 levels were relatively decreased in nasal polyp tissue. PMID: 22991985
16. Inhibition of 12-LOX activity significantly sensitizes prostate cancer cells to radiation. PMID: 25260086
17. Our goal was to investigate if 12-LOX and/or PAI-1 in patient's plasma could be used to predict outcome of the disease. PMID: 24783193
18. There was no statistically significant difference in expression of ALOX12 mRNA in cholesteatoma vs. control tissue. PMID: 23832258
19. This study demonstrated the critical role ALOX12 plays in T. gondii infection in humans, using a monocytic cell line with an ALOX12 knockdown. PMID: 24686056
20. 12-LOX 261Arg > Gln polymorphism is associated with rectal cancer. PMID: 23715757
21. PAR4 and GPVI-mediated platelet reactivity involves 12-lipoxygenase PMID: 23784669
22. The results of our study failed to confirm whether the selected variants in ALOX12 gene within the LT metabolism pathway contribute to platelet reactivity in a diabetic population treated with ASA. PMID: 23828562
23. Our results suggest that LOX metabolites such as 12-HETE are critical in prostate cancer progression and that the LOX pathway may be a target for treating and preventing prostate cancer. PMID: 22895552
24. the authors have identified a new pathway by which overexpression of 12-LOX in prostate cancer cells leads to augmented production of MMP9 via activation of PI3K/Akt/NF-kappaB signaling. PMID: 23526143
25. The LOX isozymes 12 and 15 contribute differentially to striatal vulnerability in response to neurotoxicant challenge. PMID: 23079635
26. Findings suggest 12/15-LOX expressed in non-epithelial cells such as macrophages and fibroblasts leads to bronchial epithelial injury. PMID: 23528921
27. Pharmacological inhibition and antisense knockdown of 12LO results in apoptosis of human vascular smooth muscle cells. PMID: 23578768
28. increased 15-LOX-1 and decreased 5- and 12-LOX levels at the onset of kidney cancer reversing with the progressing stage of the disease or the grade of tumor PMID: 22825379
29. Non-synonymous polymorphism (Gln261Arg) of 12-lipoxygenase is associated with colorectal and thyroid cancers. PMID: 22864639
30. results show an increase of ALOX15B during the differentiation of monocytes to macrophages, while the expression of ALOX12 and ALOX15 remains on the same low level. PMID: 22980500
31. results suggest that genetic variations in arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12) are associated with both the onset and cessation of menstruation in Chinese women living in Shanghai PMID: 22668814
32. DNA methylation analysis of ALOX12 and GSTM1 in acute myeloid leukaemia identifies prognostically significant groups. PMID: 22924777
33. The results suggest that the genetic polymorphisms in both human ALOX12 and ALOX15 may contribute to variations in the peak BMD of Chinese women. PMID: 22089472
34. ALOX12 may have a role in growth of breast cancer, and its inhibition may be a strategy for inhibiting tumor growth PMID: 22384268
35. DNA hypomethylation associated with persistent wheezing in childhood PMID: 22323304
36. 12(S)-LOX expression in inflammatory areas of colorectal tumours has the capacity to induce an invasive phenotype in colorectal cancer cells and could be targeted for therapy. PMID: 22237009
37. Overexpression of 12/15-lipoxygenase leads to increased levels of beta-secretase-1 mRNA and protein, a significant elevation in amyloid beta levels and deposition, and a worsening of memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease transgenic mice. PMID: 22275252
38. genetic variants in ALOX12 may influence BMD and fracture risk. PMID: 21104233
39. This study for the first time had co-related the quantity of serum LOX-12 with breast cancer and also with the effect of chemotherapy. PMID: 21945939
40. 12-LOX may serve as a unique marker and therapeutic target for prostate cancer stem cells PMID: 21225230
41. the rs2073438 polymorphism of ALOX12 contributes to the variation of obesity phenotypes in young Chinese men PMID: 20697415
42. Data suggest that the development of combinatory therapies that profit from the ACSL4, lipooxygenase and COX-2 synergistic action may allow for lower medication doses and avoidance of side effects. PMID: 21085606
43. Protease-activated receptor signaling in platelets activates cytosolic phospholipase A2alpha differently for cyclooxygenase-1 and 12-lipoxygenase catalysis. PMID: 21127289
44. Genetic absence of this enzyme results in a significant reduction in amyloid-beta (Abeta) production and deposition and an improvement of cognitive deficits. PMID: 20570249
45. the 12 and 15 ALOX expression, localization and downstream cytokine expression in subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue in human obesity were shown. PMID: 21094135
46. Thrombin-activated human platelets acutely generate oxidized docosahexaenoic-acid-containing phospholipids via 12-lipoxygenase PMID: 20653566
47. The mRNA levels of ALOX12 implicated pathways differed significantly in gliomas according to the histological type. PMID: 20382140
48. we suggest that single nucleotide polymorphisms of the ALOX12 gene might be associated with schizophrenia and negative symptoms in this Korean population PMID: 20626912
49. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms, rs9904779 and rs434473 (encodes a replacement of asparagine by serine), of arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase were significantly associated with age at natural menopause PMID: 20061896
50. ALOX12 is a direct transcriptional target of RUNX1. PMID: 20181616

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Esophageal cancer (ESCR); Colorectal cancer (CRC)

Cytoplasm, cytosol. Membrane. Note=Membrane association is stimulated by EGF.

Lipoxygenase family

Expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells.

HGNC: 429

OMIM: 114500

KEGG: hsa:239

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000251535

UniGene: Hs.654431