Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae Glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 1 (SCT1)

Dual substrate-specific glycerol-3-phosphate/dihydroxyacetone phosphate sn-1 acyltransferase, catalyzing the first and committed reaction in the de novo synthesis of glycerophospholipids and triacylglycerols (TAGs). Prefers Gly-3-P over dihydroxyacetone phosphate and has a marked preference for 16-carbon fatty acyl chains. Transfers a fatty acid from fatty acyl-CoA to the sn-1 position of glycerol-3-phosphate to produce lysophosphatidic acid (LysoPA). These lipids not only are precursors of glycerolipids, but also are dynamic components of signal transduction systems that control cell physiology. SCT1 is the primary supplier of diacylglycerols (DAG), used mainly in TAG synthesis and phosphatidylcholine (PC) synthesis through the CDP-choline pathway. Regulates fatty acid desaturation, that is, the ratio of unsaturated versus saturated fatty acyl chains, by competing with the desaturase OLE1 for the common substrate C16:0-CoA. Sequesters C16:0-CoA into lipids, thereby shielding it from desaturation by OLE1.