Recombinant Rat Solute carrier family 12 member 5 (Slc12a5), partial

1. Chloride co-transporters, NKCC1 (Na+-K+-Cl- co-transporter-1) and KCC2 (K+-Cl- co-transporter-2) control the intracellular concentration of chloride ions and thus the functionality of GABA inhibitions. PMID: 27778437
2. These findings suggest that PRF might be an alternative therapy for inflammatory pain. One of the underlying mechanisms is through modification of KCC2, which is an important determinant for the efficacy of inhibitory neurotransmission in the spinal cord, and its expression levels are regulated by histone acetylation epigenetically following inflammation. PMID: 27688312
3. demonstrate that KCC2 overexpression in a compromised developing brain increases febrile seizure susceptibility and contribute to dendritic spine alterations PMID: 26875662
4. Findings suggest that aberrant regulation of the plasma membrane levels of KCC2 might contribute to the impartment of GABAergic neurotransmission and that KCC2 dysfunction might be relevant for the initial appearance of spontaneous seizures. PMID: 27345384
5. findings suggested that melatonin restores KCC2 expression, inhibits neuronal apoptosis and attenuates secondary brain injury after TBI, partially through activation of BDNF/ERK pathway. PMID: 27159133
6. solute carrier family 12 member 5 (KCC2) is increased in SHR hippocampus with early life stress PMID: 26464063
7. This study demonstrate that KCC2 plays a critical role in the regulation of spine actin cytoskeleton and gates long-term plasticity at excitatory synapses in cortical neurons. PMID: 26631461
8. Results demonstrate that KCC2 transport can vary considerably in magnitude depending on the combination of alanine mutations present on the protein PMID: 25843644
9. Results demonstrate that in vitro ictogenesis is abolished or facilitated by inhibiting or enhancing KCC2 activity, respectively PMID: 25926348
10. results identify a threonine- and tyrosine-phosphorylation-resistant KCC2 variant with increased chloride transport activity, but also identify the KCC2 N-terminal domain as the relevant minimal KCC2 protein domain that is sufficient for neuroprotection. PMID: 26043076
11. Suggest that KCC2 downregulation-mediated impairment of spinal cord Cl(-) homeostasis may play an important role in chronic stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity. PMID: 25792562
12. High salt intake impairs baroreflex inhibition and downregulates KCC2 expression. PMID: 25619659
13. The expression level did not change during the second postnatal week suggesting that, in contrast to hippocampus, adult pattern of KCC2 in the cortical cells is already established by the end of the first postnatal week. PMID: 23420348
14. Exercise returns spinal excitability and levels of KCC2 toward normal levels in the lumbar spinal cord. PMID: 24990918
15. KCC2 is part of a cascade that regulates activation of the descending pain facilitation. PMID: 23847084
16. Collectively, these results demonstrate a role for KCC2 in excitatory synaptogenesis in vivo through a mechanism that is independent of its ion transport function. PMID: 22345354
17. BPA can disrupt Kcc2 gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms PMID: 23440186
18. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor- and calpain-mediated proteolytic cleavage of K+-Cl- cotransporter-2 impairs spinal chloride homeostasis in neuropathic pain PMID: 22854961
19. KCC2 immunoreactivity in multiple brain stem respiratory nuclei showed a developmental increase during the first 21 days of life PMID: 22441038
20. These results suggest that SNARE proteins are necessary for the increased activity of KCC2 after Zn(2+) stimulation of mZnR/GPR39. PMID: 22441041
21. Taurine inhibits K+-Cl- cotransporter KCC2 to regulate embryonic Cl- homeostasis via with-no-lysine (WNK) protein kinase signaling pathway. PMID: 22544747
22. these results identify L(675) as a critical residue for KCC2 transport activity. PMID: 22414695
23. These data suggest an important role of KCC2-dependent potassium/chloride homeostasis under neurototoxic conditions and reveal a novel role of endogenous KCC2 as a neuroprotective molecule. PMID: 21486764
24. Data show that blocking dephosphorylation of Ser940 reduced the glutamate-induced downregulation of KCC2 and substantially improved the maintenance of hyperpolarizing GABAergic inhibition. PMID: 21532577
25. the density of KCC2 in hippocampal principal cells increases along the axo-somato-dendritic axis with cell type-specific distribution profiles within the dendritic tree. PMID: 20880357
26. These data raise the interesting possibility that a spontaneous depressive state in animals is associated with an amplified GABAergic transmission in the CNS resulting from an enhanced expression of KCC2. PMID: 20153734
27. *Imbalanced function of KCC2 may contribute to the induction and maintenance of the chronic neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. PMID: 20536931
28. A substantial neuron-specific downregulation of KCC2 is reported after focal cerebral ischemia. PMID: 20044519
29. downregulated after spinal cord injury in rats, particularly in motoneuron membranes PMID: 20190766
30. the appearance of KCC2 expression mainly depends on the maturation of individual neurons in developing rat brain PMID: 12414094
31. in axotomized neurons KCC2 downregulation impairs Cl(-) homeostasis and makes GABA act depolarizing, resulting in endogenous GABA inducing [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations via facilitation of NMDA-receptor activation. PMID: 12612004
32. all of the CCCs examined (NKCC1, NKCC2, KCC1, KCC3, and KCC4) can promote NH4(+) translocation, presumably through binding of the ion at the K(+) site PMID: 12657561
33. Local blockade or knock-down of the spinal KCC2 exporter in intact rats markedly reduced the nociceptive threshold, confirming that the reported disruption of anion homeostasis in lamina I neurons was sufficient to cause neuropathic pain PMID: 12931188
34. KCC2 mRNA expression in the SNR as a function of sex and age was studied and KCC2 expression correlated with in vivo and in vitro effects of muscimol on calcium metabolism; sex differences in drug effects were noted PMID: 14552904
35. an interaction between KCC2 and brain-type creatine kinase was detected in cultured cells and brain extracts, which might contribute to KCC2-mediated modulation of Cl(-) homeostasis PMID: 15094054
36. At the ultrastructural level, abundant extrasynaptic KCC2 expression may play a role in the regulation of extrasynaptic GABA-A receptor-mediated inhibition. PMID: 15305865
37. Altered KCC2 expression in arthritis may contribute to the control of spinal cord excitability. PMID: 15350966
38. KCC2 mRNA was expressed in the motor trigeminal nucleus (Mo5), the principal trigeminal nucleus (Pr5), and the spinal trigeminal nucleus (Sp5). PMID: 15661361
39. We conclude that the expression of KCC2 and the reduction of [Cl-]i play a critical role in the construction of GABAergic networks that extends beyond the excitatory to inhibitory shift of the actions of GABA. PMID: 15961425
40. Thus, maturation of the GABA response may rely on an activity-dependent up-regulation of KCC-2. PMID: 16203042
41. In the cellular micro-environment, brain-type creatine kinase activates the KCC2 function. PMID: 16336223
42. Repetitive postsynaptic spiking reduces the inhibitory action of GABA through a Ca2+-dependent downregulation of KCC2 function. PMID: 16337915
43. KCC2 mRNA levels were significantly lower in males relative to females at birth. KCC2 protein was significantly lower in males relative to females on PND5. PMID: 17355320
44. Immature cortical plate neurons might produce "bridge" structure during formation of microgyrus;altered neuronal Cl(-)meostasis might be involved in neuronal migration disorder that ultimately results in cortical malformations. PMID: 17904674
45. Increased GABA levels, along with decrease in KCC2 expression, may underlie the abnormal neuronal activity detected in the spinal cord of diabetic rats. PMID: 18457921
46. reduction of the inhibitory action of GABA through downregulation of KCC2 function may be involved in the pathomechanisms of delayed neuronal death PMID: 18472345
47. neuron-specific KCC2 transporters were present in most spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) corresponding to the distribution of GABA(A)Rs. PMID: 18577424
48. Protein Associated with Myc (PAM) was identified as a binding partner of KCC2. PMID: 18769030
49. The rats with Thermal hyperalgesia exhibited a sustained loss of KCC2 protein during post-SCI days 21-42 PMID: 18799000
50. Spinal cord injury induces KCC2 down-regulation and subsequent changes of the reversal potentials of GABA responses in the spinal dorsal horn below the injury site. PMID: 18845615

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KEGG: rno:171373

STRING: 10116.ENSRNOP00000062103

UniGene: Rn.10513