Mouse Arginase-1(ARG1) ELISA kit

Key element of the urea cycle converting L-arginine to urea and L-ornithine, which is further metabolized into metabolites proline and polyamides that drive collagen synthesis and bioenergetic pathways critical for cell proliferation, respectively; the urea cycle takes place primarily in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the kidneys.; Functions in L-arginine homeostasis in nonhepatic tissues characterized by the competition between nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and arginase for the available intracellular substrate arginine. Arginine metabolism is a critical regulator of innate and adaptive immune responses. Involved in an antimicrobial effector pathway in polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMN). Upon PMN cell death is liberated from the phagolysosome and depletes arginine in the microenvironment leading to suppressed T cell and natural killer (NK) cell proliferation and cytokine secretion. In group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) promotes acute type 2 inflammation in the lung and is involved in optimal ILC2 proliferation but not survival. Plays a role in the immune response of alternatively activated or M2 macrophages in processes such as wound healing and tissue regeneration, immune defense against multicellular pathogens and parasites, and immune suppression and allergic inflammation; the regulatory outcome seems to be organ specific. In tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (DCs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) plays a role in suppression of T cell-mediated antitumor immunity.

1. Our studies provide proof-of-concept for gene-editing at the Arg1 locus and highlight the challenges that lie ahead to restore sufficient liver-based urea cycle function in patients with urea cycle disorders. PMID: 28566761
2. This study shows for the first time that diabetes-induced increases in arginase 1 expression promotes endothelial cell senescence through the activation of p16INK4A and p53 signaling pathways. PMID: 29673160
3. findings identified a novel function of the VEGFR1 signaling in avoiding over-expression of Arginase 1 potentially to maintain the proper innate immune response. PMID: 29110610
4. Up-regulation of arginase 1 expression/activity in vascular endothelial cells has an integral role in diet-induced cardiovascular dysfunction and metabolic syndrome. PMID: 29048462
5. Complete ablation of Arg1 in the lung affects mRNA abundance of arginine-transporting and -metabolizing genes, and pro-inflammatory genes, but not methacholine responsiveness or accumulation of inflammatory cells. PMID: 29183288
6. Data suggest that Arg1 mRNA and protein expression in liver are significantly higher in obese mice (fed high-fat diet) than in control mice; hepatic Arg1 levels positively correlate with plasma Arg1 levels and negatively correlate with L-arginine bioavailability in plasma. Increased expression of hepatic Arg1 and reduced plasma L-arginine and NO(2)(-) may lead to vascular endothelial dysfunction even in early obesity. PMID: 29098611
7. Data suggest that chronic hypoxia enhances HIF-2alpha stability, which causes increased arginase expression and dysregulates normal vascular NO homeostasis. PMID: 27432976
8. high-fat/high-sucrose diet-induced visceral adipose tissue inflammation is mediated by endothelial cells-A1 expression/activity. PMID: 28835451
9. Deletion of Arg1 in hematopoietic cells adversely affects blood leukocyte counts and increases foam cell formation. However, no effects on atherosclerosis could be demonstrated, indicating that hematopoietic Arg1 function is not a decisive factor in atherosclerotic plaque formation. PMID: 27998825
10. diabetes-dependent increase in renal arginase-2 expression also requires arginase-1 expression in macrophages PMID: 28446459
11. this study shows that mice lacking Arg1 in macrophages develop increased allergic contact hypersensitivity PMID: 28747341
12. this study shows that Ron is expressed in a subpopulation of macrophages during chronic inflammation induced by obesity that exhibit a repair phenotype as determined by the expression of arginase 1 PMID: 27233965
13. Arginase 1 was highly expressed by tumor-associated Gr1+ microglia and macrophages. PMID: 27936099
14. This study uncovers synergistic activation of Arg1 by retinoic acid and IL-4 in M2 macrophages. PMID: 27166374
15. this study shows that group 2 innate lymphoid cells selectively express arginase 1 and that this is critical for their bioenergetics, proliferation and function PMID: 27043409
16. this study shows that c-Jun regulates the activation state of macrophages and promotes arthritis via differentially regulating cyclooxygenase-2 and arginase-1 levels PMID: 28298526
17. deletion or TNF-mediated restriction of Arg1 unleashes the production of nitric oxide by NOS2, which is critical for pathogen control. PMID: 27117406
18. Data indicate that transfected mouse arginase-1 (Arg-I) promotes endothelial senescence and inflammatory responses through eNOS-uncoupling in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC cells). PMID: 28153047
19. Arg1 is down-regulated during osteoclast differentiation and may negatively regulate osteoclast differentiation by regulating nitric oxide production. PMID: 26475291
20. Results show that arginase 1 is abundantly present in the bone and bone marrow stromal cells and reveal the role of its deregulation in diabetes-induced bone complications. * HFHS diet induced Arginase activity and expression in bone and bone marrow. PMID: 26704078
21. T Lymphocyte Inhibition by Tumor-Infiltrating Dendritic Cells Involves Ectonucleotidase CD39 but Not Arginase-1. PMID: 26491691
22. The production of arginase-1 by tumor cells leads to an ineffective anti-tumor immune response. PMID: 24614600
23. Arg1+ microglia are involved in Abeta plaque reduction during sustained, IL-1beta-dependent neuroinflammation PMID: 26538310
24. findings suggest that increased IL-17A expression by macrophages in E7-expressing skin exposed to DNCB promotes arginase-1 induction and contributes directly to the observed hyperinflammation. PMID: 25720383
25. Arginase 1 is crucially involved in Ang II-induced smooth muscle cell proliferation and arterial fibrosis and stiffness and represents a promising therapeutic target. PMID: 25807386
26. FoxO4 activates Arg1 transcription in endothelial cells in response to MI, leading to downregulation of nitric oxide and upregulation of neutrophil infiltration to the infarct area. PMID: 26438688
27. TAT fused to WW2/WW3 of Smurf2 could interfere with TGF-beta signaling and reduce ArgI gene expression. PMID: 25612247
28. ARG1 activity may participate in the pathogenesis of lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative disorders. PMID: 26363032
29. data indicate that helminth coinfection induces arginase-1-expressing type 2 granulomas, thereby increasing inflammation and TB disease severity. PMID: 26571397
30. Flow cytometric analysis of intrasplenic leukocytes exposed the presence of a transient population of activated neutrophils that correlated quantitatively with elevated ArgI levels in culture media PMID: 25966956
31. Arginase 1 activity worsens lung-protective immunity against Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. PMID: 25789453
32. Arg1 expression is decreased, and Arg2 expression is increased in the newborn congenital obstructive nephropathy and in the mouse model. PMID: 25205225
33. Promoter region methylation was decreased at Arg1 in THC-induced myeloid-derived suppressor cells, which then expressed higher Arg1 levels. PMID: 25713087
34. Arg1 plays a central role in the control of TB when NOS2 is rendered ineffective by hypoxia. PMID: 25201986
35. arginase I activity is required for M2 macrophages mediated protection during DSS-induced colitis in PI3Kp110delta-deficient mice. PMID: 25124254
36. the cross talk between HDAC4 and STAT6 is an important regulatory mechanism of Arg1 transcription in dendritic cells PMID: 25332236
37. Diabetic mice exhibit elevated vascular Arg1 and impaired vascular endothelial and nitrergic function. PMID: 23977269
38. A myeloid cell uptake of damaged retinal pigment epithelium or its derivatives as a mechanism generating VEGF (+) Arg-1(+) phenotype in vivo, is demonstrated. PMID: 23977372
39. Our results demonstrate that HPV16.E7 protein enhances drug associated production of arginase-1 by myeloid cells and consequent inflammatory cellular infiltration of skin. PMID: 24732401
40. Reduced arginase-1 activity in Arg1(fl/fl)/Tie2-Cre(tg/-) mice resulted in increased inflammatory response and nitric oxide production by NOS2. PMID: 24465919
41. these data support the notion that PTEN contributes to cell fate decisions of macrophages exemplified by increased Arginase I expression. PMID: 25015834
42. tumor myeloid cells inhibit the adaptive immune response after radiation therapy through expression of the enzyme arginase I PMID: 24992164
43. neither induction of alternative activation nor expression of arginase1 are critical features of disease mediated by attenuated or virulent Francisella species. PMID: 24324751
44. A kinesin heavy chain released by T. brucei induces IL-10 and arginase-1 through SIGN-R1 signaling in myeloid cells, which promotes early trypanosome growth and favors parasite settlement in the host. PMID: 24204274
45. ATRA enhances both Arg-1 and iNOS expression in IFN-gamma-treated DCs, resulting in a tolerogenic phenotype. PMID: 24790153
46. Murine primary macrophages treated with HDL showed increased gene expression for the M2 markers Arginase-1 (Arg-1) and Fizz-1 PMID: 23991225
47. ILC2s are a novel source of Arg1 in resting tissue and during allergic inflammation. PMID: 23924659
48. In preclinical murine models reduced Arg expression directly correlates with delayed healing of skin wounds. PMID: 23552798
49. Our objective was to elucidate mechanisms involved in modulating arginase I induction by IL-4 in murine M2 macrophages PMID: 23913966
50. wall shear stress is a key biomechanical regulator of arginase during atherosclerotic plaque formation and stability PMID: 23390893

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Cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic granule.

Arginase family

Expressed in macrophages. Expressed in precursor and mature group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). Expressed in lung tumor-associated myeloid cells. Expressed in lung tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells.

KEGG: mmu:11846

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000020161

UniGene: Mm.154144