Human Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor TYRO3(TYRO3) ELISA kit

TYRO3是一种酪氨酸激酶受体，最新的研究表明，它在免疫、神经、肿瘤等多个方面都发挥着重要作用。TYRO3还可能成为某些肿瘤的新治疗靶点。

Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding to several ligands including TULP1 or GAS6. Regulates many physiological processes including cell survival, migration and differentiation. Ligand binding at the cell surface induces dimerization and autophosphorylation of TYRO3 on its intracellular domain that provides docking sites for downstream signaling molecules. Following activation by ligand, interacts with PIK3R1 and thereby enhances PI3-kinase activity. Activates the AKT survival pathway, including nuclear translocation of NF-kappa-B and up-regulation of transcription of NF-kappa-B-regulated genes. TYRO3 signaling plays a role in various processes such as neuron protection from excitotoxic injury, platelet aggregation and cytoskeleton reorganization. Plays also an important role in inhibition of Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-mediated innate immune response by activating STAT1, which selectively induces production of suppressors of cytokine signaling SOCS1 and SOCS3.; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for lassa virus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, possibly through GAS6 binding to phosphatidyl-serine at the surface of virion envelope.; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Ebolavirus, possibly through GAS6 binding to phosphatidyl-serine at the surface of virion envelope.

1. Data suggest that TYRO3-mediated phosphorylation of ACTN4 is involved in invasiveness of melanoma cells; TYRO3-mediated phosphorylation of ACTN4 requires FAK activation at tyrosine 397. (TYRO3 = TYRO3 protein tyrosine kinase; ACTN4 = actinin alpha 4; FAK = focal adhesion kinase isoform FAK1) PMID: 29274473
2. Phosphatidylserine mediated hyperactivation of TYRO3.TYRO3 promotes epithelial cell efferocytosis in a tyrosine kinase-dependent manner.TYRO3 role in AKT-dependent drug resistance. PMID: 28184013
3. Taken together, our data indicate that elevated plasma Gas6 levels is associated with the severity of disease during HTNV infection in humans, suggesting that Gas6 may play an important role by binding with Tyro3 on monocytes. PMID: 28537534
4. Study identified the Gas6/TAM receptor pathway with Tyro3 and Mer as novel targets in colorectal cancer. PMID: 27486820
5. These results show that TYRO3, AXL and GAS6 are expressed at higher levels in LMS and expression of its ligands correlates to a worse PFS in LMS patients. PMID: 29024938
6. Patients with macroalbuminuria diabetes had higher circulating levels of sMer and more urinary soluble Tyro3 and sMer than normoalbuminuric diabetics. Increased clearance of sTyro3 and sMer was associated with loss of tubular Tyro3 and Mer expression in diabetic nephropathy tissue. During in vitro diabetes, human kidney cells had down-regulation of Tyro3 and Mer mRNA and increased shedding of sTyro3 and sMer. PMID: 28668213
7. TYRO3 is overexpressed in the early stage of colon cancer development and aberrant expression of TYRO3 promotes tumorigenesis and induces EMT through the regulation of SNAI1. PMID: 27132510
8. In this paper, we review the biology of the Gas6/Tyro3, Axl, and MerTK(collectively named TAM system)and the current evidence supporting its potential role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis . PMID: 27801848
9. these data suggest that Tyro3 contributes significantly to tumor growth, aggressiveness and liver dysfunction PMID: 26573872
10. Tyro3 gene dosage modulates Mertk-associated retinal degeneration, provide strong evidence for a direct role for TYRO3 in RPE phagocytosis, and suggest that an eQTL can modify a recessive Inherited photoreceptor degenerations. PMID: 26656104
11. The mRNA expression levels of Tyro-3, Axl were decreased in pSS patients. When considering the plasma level, increased levels of soluble Mer was observed with statistically significant difference. PMID: 25881761
12. genetic ablation of a receptor tyrosine kinase encoded byTyro3in mice or the functional neutralization of its ortholog in human dendritic cells resulted in enhanced type 2 immunity. PMID: 27034374
13. the results of the present study demonstrated that the acquired taxol resistance of ovarian cancer cells was associated with ROS-dependent upregulation in the expression of Tyro3 RTK and the subsequent activation of Akt. PMID: 25815442
14. Significantly increased levels of sMer, sTyro3 and sAxl may be important factors contributing to the deficit in phagocytosis ability in systemic lupus erythematosus . PMID: 25878564
15. Tetherin phosphorylation induces the recruitment of Syk which is required for downstream NF-kappaB activation. PMID: 25211072
16. These studies demonstrate that, despite their similarity, TYRO3, AXL, and MER are likely to perform distinct functions in both immunoregulation and the recognition and removal of ACs. PMID: 25074926
17. Gas6, a ligand of Tyro3, exerts an autocrine activities though Tyro3 and Axl in a subgroup of leiomyosarcoma. PMID: 23354874
18. The effects of TYRO3-knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) on proliferation, cell-cycle distribution, and cell signaling in different breast neoplasm cell lines were compared. PMID: 24982338
19. These findings indicate that Tyro3 is a critical signal for synovial hyperplasia, osteoclast differentiation and bone erosion during arthritis. PMID: 23632195
20. [review] Receptor tyrosine kinases Tyro-3, Axl and Mer, collectively designated as TAM, are involved in the clearance of apoptotic cells. PMID: 23662598
21. Low expression of the Syk gene may play an important role in tumorigenesis in esophageal cancer. PMID: 23865365
22. data indicate that Tyro3 may confer increased survival signals in melanoma cells and can be stymied using inhibitory mAbs PMID: 23570341
23. analysis of novel and selective spiroindoline-based inhibitors of Sky kinase PMID: 22119469
24. Axl,Tyro3,DC-SIGN and LSECtin are identified as new virus receptors for Lassa virus cell entry. PMID: 22156524
25. plasma concentrations of sMer and sTyro3 were significantly increased in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosis and Rheumatoid arthritis PMID: 21496228
26. expression is downregulated in atherosclerotic carotid plaque PMID: 21384080
27. Our findings suggest that a TYRO3/AXL-GAS6 autocrine circuit sustains the malignant features of thyroid cancer cells PMID: 21343401
28. Gas6 and Tyro3, Axl and Mer (TAM) receptors have roles in human and murine platelet activation and thrombus stabilization PMID: 20546121
29. correlation of decreased protein S levels with lupus disease activity is consistent with a role for the TAM receptors in scavenging apoptotic cells and controlling inflammation PMID: 20637106
30. Findings indicate genetic association between MERTK and TYRO3 allelic variants and carotid atherosclerosis. PMID: 20664904
31. Protein S controls hypoxic/ischemic blood-brain barrier disruption through the TAM receptor Tyro3 and sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor. PMID: 20348395
32. Results identified the receptor protein tyrosine kinase TYRO3 as an upstream regulator of MITF expression by a genome-wide gain-of-function cDNA screen. PMID: 19805117
33. Gas6 receptors were not upregulated in any of the allograft groups, except for the Axl receptor, which increased only in acute tubular necrosis. PMID: 12768229
34. Tyro3 may have roles in signal transduction and cell adhesion PMID: 14623883
35. Axl, Sky and Mer are Gas6 receptors that enhance platelet activation and regulate thrombotic responses PMID: 15733062
36. Results identify and characterise a novel interaction between RanBPM and the related receptor tyrosine kinases, Axl and Sky. PMID: 15964779
37. Here we show the involvement of members of the Tyro3 receptor tyrosine kinase family-Axl, Dtk, and Mer-in cell entry of filoviruses. PMID: 17005688
38. Possible strategies for targeted inhibition of the TAM family in the treatment of human cancer. PMID: 18620092

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Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.

Protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, AXL/UFO subfamily

Abundant in the brain and lower levels in other tissues.

HGNC: 12446

OMIM: 600341

KEGG: hsa:7301

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000263798

UniGene: Hs.381282